Less Than Lethal Self Defense Options: Lesson 2 - Pepper Spray and OC (Oleoresin Capsicum) Spray
Though often used interchangeably, “pepper spray” and “OC spray” have subtle differences in formulation and application.
Chemical Composition:
Pepper Spray: This term broadly covers sprays containing capsaicin, the active component in chili peppers, and may include various additional chemicals or irritants.
OC Spray: Specifically refers to sprays made from oleoresin capsicum, an oily resin extracted from hot peppers. OC is the active ingredient in most pepper sprays and is responsible for the intense irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system.
Strength and Formulation:
OC Concentration and Scoville Heat Units (SHU): The effectiveness of both types of spray depends on the OC concentration (typically 2-10%) and SHU rating, which measures heat intensity. While higher SHU ratings indicate stronger effects, very high OC percentages can sometimes slow dispersal.
Additional Irritants: Some pepper sprays include CS tear gas or UV dye for added impact or identification, though these additives may not be legal everywhere. Pure OC sprays generally avoid these additives and may have fewer legal restrictions.
Effectiveness:
OC Spray: Known for its reliability against both people and animals, OC spray causes involuntary eye closure, inflammation, and breathing difficulty.
Pepper Spray (General): As a broader category, the effectiveness of pepper spray can vary depending on the OC concentration and any additional chemicals included.
By understanding these differences and selecting a product with the right OC concentration and SHU rating, you can choose a spray that best suits your needs for effective, legal self-defense.
